diff --git a/src/hooks/moderation/index.ts b/src/hooks/moderation/index.ts
index 48f2e2ea..a2e86c61 100644
--- a/src/hooks/moderation/index.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/moderation/index.ts
@@ -17,3 +17,9 @@ export type { ModerationSort, ModerationSortConfig } from './useModerationSort';
 
 export { usePagination } from './usePagination';
 export type { PaginationState, PaginationConfig } from './usePagination';
+
+export { useRealtimeSubscriptions } from './useRealtimeSubscriptions';
+export type { 
+  RealtimeSubscriptionConfig, 
+  UseRealtimeSubscriptionsReturn 
+} from './useRealtimeSubscriptions';
diff --git a/src/hooks/moderation/useRealtimeSubscriptions.ts b/src/hooks/moderation/useRealtimeSubscriptions.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..619d1b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hooks/moderation/useRealtimeSubscriptions.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,503 @@
+/**
+ * Realtime Subscriptions Hook for Moderation Queue
+ * 
+ * Manages all Supabase realtime subscriptions for the moderation queue system.
+ * Handles INSERT and UPDATE events with debouncing, filtering, and optimistic update protection.
+ */
+
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { supabase } from '@/integrations/supabase/client';
+import type { RealtimeChannel } from '@supabase/supabase-js';
+import type { ModerationItem, EntityFilter, StatusFilter } from '@/types/moderation';
+import type { useEntityCache } from './useEntityCache';
+import type { useProfileCache } from './useProfileCache';
+import {
+  matchesEntityFilter,
+  matchesStatusFilter,
+  hasItemChanged,
+  buildModerationItem,
+} from '@/lib/moderation/realtime';
+
+type EntityCacheReturn = ReturnType<typeof useEntityCache>;
+type ProfileCacheReturn = ReturnType<typeof useProfileCache>;
+
+/**
+ * Configuration for realtime subscriptions
+ */
+export interface RealtimeSubscriptionConfig {
+  /** Whether realtime subscriptions are enabled */
+  enabled: boolean;
+  
+  /** Current filter configuration */
+  filters: {
+    entityFilter: EntityFilter;
+    statusFilter: StatusFilter;
+  };
+  
+  /** Callback when a new item is detected */
+  onNewItem: (item: ModerationItem) => void;
+  
+  /** Callback when an item is updated */
+  onUpdateItem: (item: ModerationItem, shouldRemove: boolean) => void;
+  
+  /** Callback when an item is removed from queue */
+  onItemRemoved: (itemId: string) => void;
+  
+  /** Pause subscriptions when tab is hidden (default: true) */
+  pauseWhenHidden?: boolean;
+  
+  /** Debounce delay for UPDATE events in milliseconds (default: 1000) */
+  debounceMs?: number;
+  
+  /** Entity cache for resolving entity names */
+  entityCache: EntityCacheReturn;
+  
+  /** Profile cache for resolving user information */
+  profileCache: ProfileCacheReturn;
+  
+  /** Set of recently removed IDs (for optimistic updates) */
+  recentlyRemovedIds: Set<string>;
+  
+  /** Set of IDs currently being interacted with */
+  interactingWithIds: Set<string>;
+  
+  /** Current items in queue (for comparison) */
+  currentItems: ModerationItem[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return type for useRealtimeSubscriptions hook
+ */
+export interface UseRealtimeSubscriptionsReturn {
+  /** Whether subscriptions are currently connected */
+  isConnected: boolean;
+  
+  /** Current connection status */
+  channelStatus: 'connected' | 'disconnected' | 'error';
+  
+  /** Manually reconnect subscriptions */
+  reconnect: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Hook to manage realtime subscriptions for the moderation queue
+ */
+export function useRealtimeSubscriptions(
+  config: RealtimeSubscriptionConfig
+): UseRealtimeSubscriptionsReturn {
+  const {
+    enabled,
+    filters,
+    onNewItem,
+    onUpdateItem,
+    onItemRemoved,
+    pauseWhenHidden = true,
+    debounceMs = 1000,
+    entityCache,
+    profileCache,
+    recentlyRemovedIds,
+    interactingWithIds,
+    currentItems,
+  } = config;
+
+  // Debounce management for UPDATE events
+  const updateDebounceMap = useRef<Map<string, NodeJS.Timeout>>(new Map());
+
+  // Channel references
+  const insertChannelRef = useRef<RealtimeChannel | null>(null);
+  const updateChannelRef = useRef<RealtimeChannel | null>(null);
+
+  // Status tracking
+  const [channelStatus, setChannelStatus] = useState<'connected' | 'disconnected' | 'error'>('disconnected');
+  const [reconnectTrigger, setReconnectTrigger] = useState(0);
+
+  /**
+   * Debounced update handler - waits for rapid changes to settle
+   */
+  const debouncedUpdate = useCallback((submissionId: string, updateFn: () => void) => {
+    const existingTimeout = updateDebounceMap.current.get(submissionId);
+    if (existingTimeout) {
+      clearTimeout(existingTimeout);
+    }
+    
+    const newTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+      updateFn();
+      updateDebounceMap.current.delete(submissionId);
+    }, debounceMs);
+    
+    updateDebounceMap.current.set(submissionId, newTimeout);
+  }, [debounceMs]);
+
+  /**
+   * Fetch full submission details with related data
+   */
+  const fetchSubmissionDetails = useCallback(async (submissionId: string) => {
+    const { data: submission, error } = await supabase
+      .from('content_submissions')
+      .select(`
+        id, submission_type, status, content, created_at, user_id,
+        reviewed_at, reviewer_id, reviewer_notes, escalated, assigned_to, locked_until,
+        submission_items (
+          id,
+          item_type,
+          item_data,
+          status
+        )
+      `)
+      .eq('id', submissionId)
+      .single();
+    
+    if (error || !submission) {
+      console.error('Error fetching submission details:', error);
+      return null;
+    }
+    
+    return submission;
+  }, []);
+
+  /**
+   * Resolve entity names for a submission
+   */
+  const resolveEntityNames = useCallback(async (submission: any) => {
+    const content = submission.content as any;
+    let entityName = content?.name || 'Unknown';
+    let parkName: string | undefined;
+    
+    if (submission.submission_type === 'ride' && content?.entity_id) {
+      // Try cache first
+      const cachedRide = entityCache.getCached('rides', content.entity_id);
+      if (cachedRide) {
+        entityName = cachedRide.name;
+        if (cachedRide.park_id) {
+          const cachedPark = entityCache.getCached('parks', cachedRide.park_id);
+          if (cachedPark) parkName = cachedPark.name;
+        }
+      } else {
+        const { data: ride } = await supabase
+          .from('rides')
+          .select('name, park_id')
+          .eq('id', content.entity_id)
+          .maybeSingle();
+        
+        if (ride) {
+          entityName = ride.name;
+          entityCache.setCached('rides', content.entity_id, ride);
+          
+          if (ride.park_id) {
+            const { data: park } = await supabase
+              .from('parks')
+              .select('name')
+              .eq('id', ride.park_id)
+              .maybeSingle();
+            
+            if (park) {
+              parkName = park.name;
+              entityCache.setCached('parks', ride.park_id, park);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (submission.submission_type === 'park' && content?.entity_id) {
+      const cachedPark = entityCache.getCached('parks', content.entity_id);
+      if (cachedPark) {
+        entityName = cachedPark.name;
+      } else {
+        const { data: park } = await supabase
+          .from('parks')
+          .select('name')
+          .eq('id', content.entity_id)
+          .maybeSingle();
+        
+        if (park) {
+          entityName = park.name;
+          entityCache.setCached('parks', content.entity_id, park);
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (['manufacturer', 'operator', 'designer', 'property_owner'].includes(submission.submission_type) && content?.entity_id) {
+      const cachedCompany = entityCache.getCached('companies', content.entity_id);
+      if (cachedCompany) {
+        entityName = cachedCompany.name;
+      } else {
+        const { data: company } = await supabase
+          .from('companies')
+          .select('name')
+          .eq('id', content.entity_id)
+          .maybeSingle();
+        
+        if (company) {
+          entityName = company.name;
+          entityCache.setCached('companies', content.entity_id, company);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    
+    return { entityName, parkName };
+  }, [entityCache]);
+
+  /**
+   * Handle new submission INSERT event
+   */
+  const handleInsert = useCallback(async (payload: any) => {
+    const newSubmission = payload.new as any;
+    
+    console.log('🆕 Realtime INSERT:', newSubmission.id);
+    
+    // Queue updates if tab is hidden
+    if (pauseWhenHidden && document.hidden) {
+      console.log('📴 Realtime event received while hidden - queuing for later');
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    // Ignore if recently removed (optimistic update)
+    if (recentlyRemovedIds.has(newSubmission.id)) {
+      console.log('⏭️ Ignoring INSERT for recently removed submission:', newSubmission.id);
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    // Only process pending/partially_approved submissions
+    if (!['pending', 'partially_approved'].includes(newSubmission.status)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Apply filters
+    if (!matchesEntityFilter(newSubmission, filters.entityFilter)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    if (!matchesStatusFilter(newSubmission, filters.statusFilter)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    console.log('✅ NEW submission matches filters:', newSubmission.id);
+    
+    // Fetch full submission details
+    try {
+      const submission = await fetchSubmissionDetails(newSubmission.id);
+      if (!submission) return;
+      
+      // Fetch user profile
+      const profile = await profileCache.bulkFetch([submission.user_id]);
+      const userProfile = profile[0];
+      
+      // Resolve entity names
+      const { entityName, parkName } = await resolveEntityNames(submission);
+      
+      // Build full ModerationItem
+      const fullItem = buildModerationItem(
+        submission,
+        userProfile,
+        entityName,
+        parkName
+      );
+      
+      // Trigger callback
+      onNewItem(fullItem);
+      
+      console.log('🎉 New submission added to queue:', fullItem.id);
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.error('Error processing new submission:', error);
+    }
+  }, [
+    filters,
+    pauseWhenHidden,
+    recentlyRemovedIds,
+    fetchSubmissionDetails,
+    profileCache,
+    resolveEntityNames,
+    onNewItem,
+  ]);
+
+  /**
+   * Handle submission UPDATE event
+   */
+  const handleUpdate = useCallback(async (payload: any) => {
+    const updatedSubmission = payload.new as any;
+    
+    console.log('🔄 Realtime UPDATE:', updatedSubmission.id);
+    
+    // Queue updates if tab is hidden
+    if (pauseWhenHidden && document.hidden) {
+      console.log('📴 Realtime UPDATE received while hidden - queuing for later');
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    // Ignore if recently removed (optimistic update in progress)
+    if (recentlyRemovedIds.has(updatedSubmission.id)) {
+      console.log('⏭️ Ignoring UPDATE for recently removed submission:', updatedSubmission.id);
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    // Ignore if currently being interacted with
+    if (interactingWithIds.has(updatedSubmission.id)) {
+      console.log('⏭️ Ignoring UPDATE for interacting submission:', updatedSubmission.id);
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    // Debounce the update
+    debouncedUpdate(updatedSubmission.id, async () => {
+      // Check if submission matches current filters
+      const matchesEntity = matchesEntityFilter(updatedSubmission, filters.entityFilter);
+      const matchesStatus = matchesStatusFilter(updatedSubmission, filters.statusFilter);
+      
+      const wasInQueue = currentItems.some(i => i.id === updatedSubmission.id);
+      const shouldBeInQueue = matchesEntity && matchesStatus;
+      
+      if (wasInQueue && !shouldBeInQueue) {
+        // Submission moved out of current filter (e.g., pending → approved)
+        console.log('❌ Submission moved out of queue:', updatedSubmission.id);
+        onItemRemoved(updatedSubmission.id);
+        return;
+      }
+      
+      if (!shouldBeInQueue) {
+        // Item doesn't belong in queue at all
+        return;
+      }
+      
+      // Fetch full details
+      try {
+        const submission = await fetchSubmissionDetails(updatedSubmission.id);
+        if (!submission) return;
+        
+        // Get user profile
+        const profiles = await profileCache.bulkFetch([submission.user_id]);
+        const profile = profiles[0];
+        
+        // Resolve entity name (simplified for updates)
+        const content = submission.content as any;
+        const entityName = content?.name || 'Unknown';
+        
+        const fullItem = buildModerationItem(
+          submission,
+          profile,
+          entityName,
+          undefined
+        );
+        
+        // Check if item actually changed
+        const currentItem = currentItems.find(i => i.id === fullItem.id);
+        if (currentItem && !hasItemChanged(currentItem, fullItem)) {
+          console.log('✅ Realtime UPDATE: No changes detected for', fullItem.id);
+          return;
+        }
+        
+        console.log('🔄 Realtime UPDATE: Changes detected for', fullItem.id);
+        onUpdateItem(fullItem, false);
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error('Error processing updated submission:', error);
+      }
+    });
+  }, [
+    filters,
+    pauseWhenHidden,
+    recentlyRemovedIds,
+    interactingWithIds,
+    currentItems,
+    debouncedUpdate,
+    fetchSubmissionDetails,
+    profileCache,
+    onUpdateItem,
+    onItemRemoved,
+  ]);
+
+  /**
+   * Setup INSERT subscription
+   */
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!enabled) {
+      setChannelStatus('disconnected');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    console.log('📡 Setting up INSERT subscription');
+
+    const channel = supabase
+      .channel('moderation-new-submissions')
+      .on(
+        'postgres_changes',
+        {
+          event: 'INSERT',
+          schema: 'public',
+          table: 'content_submissions',
+        },
+        handleInsert
+      )
+      .subscribe((status) => {
+        console.log('INSERT subscription status:', status);
+        if (status === 'SUBSCRIBED') {
+          setChannelStatus('connected');
+        } else if (status === 'CHANNEL_ERROR') {
+          setChannelStatus('error');
+        }
+      });
+
+    insertChannelRef.current = channel;
+
+    return () => {
+      console.log('🛑 Cleaning up INSERT subscription');
+      supabase.removeChannel(channel);
+      insertChannelRef.current = null;
+    };
+  }, [enabled, handleInsert, reconnectTrigger]);
+
+  /**
+   * Setup UPDATE subscription
+   */
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!enabled) return;
+
+    console.log('📡 Setting up UPDATE subscription');
+
+    const channel = supabase
+      .channel('moderation-updated-submissions')
+      .on(
+        'postgres_changes',
+        {
+          event: 'UPDATE',
+          schema: 'public',
+          table: 'content_submissions',
+        },
+        handleUpdate
+      )
+      .subscribe((status) => {
+        console.log('UPDATE subscription status:', status);
+        if (status === 'SUBSCRIBED') {
+          setChannelStatus('connected');
+        } else if (status === 'CHANNEL_ERROR') {
+          setChannelStatus('error');
+        }
+      });
+
+    updateChannelRef.current = channel;
+
+    return () => {
+      console.log('🛑 Cleaning up UPDATE subscription');
+      supabase.removeChannel(channel);
+      updateChannelRef.current = null;
+    };
+  }, [enabled, handleUpdate, reconnectTrigger]);
+
+  /**
+   * Cleanup debounce timers on unmount
+   */
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      updateDebounceMap.current.forEach(timeout => clearTimeout(timeout));
+      updateDebounceMap.current.clear();
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  /**
+   * Manual reconnect function
+   */
+  const reconnect = useCallback(() => {
+    console.log('🔄 Manually reconnecting subscriptions...');
+    setReconnectTrigger(prev => prev + 1);
+  }, []);
+
+  return {
+    isConnected: channelStatus === 'connected',
+    channelStatus,
+    reconnect,
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/moderation/index.ts b/src/lib/moderation/index.ts
index 23ef81d8..5b40a48a 100644
--- a/src/lib/moderation/index.ts
+++ b/src/lib/moderation/index.ts
@@ -55,3 +55,12 @@ export {
 } from './sorting';
 
 export type { SortConfig, SortField, SortDirection } from '@/types/moderation';
+
+// Realtime subscription utilities
+export {
+  matchesEntityFilter,
+  matchesStatusFilter,
+  hasItemChanged,
+  extractChangedFields,
+  buildModerationItem,
+} from './realtime';
diff --git a/src/lib/moderation/realtime.ts b/src/lib/moderation/realtime.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..07854ae8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/moderation/realtime.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/**
+ * Realtime Subscription Utilities
+ * 
+ * Helper functions for processing realtime subscription events in the moderation queue.
+ */
+
+import type { ModerationItem, EntityFilter, StatusFilter } from '@/types/moderation';
+
+/**
+ * Check if a submission matches the entity filter
+ */
+export function matchesEntityFilter(
+  submission: { submission_type: string },
+  entityFilter: EntityFilter
+): boolean {
+  if (entityFilter === 'all') return true;
+  
+  if (entityFilter === 'photos') {
+    return submission.submission_type === 'photo';
+  }
+  
+  if (entityFilter === 'submissions') {
+    return submission.submission_type !== 'photo';
+  }
+  
+  if (entityFilter === 'reviews') {
+    return submission.submission_type === 'review';
+  }
+  
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a submission matches the status filter
+ */
+export function matchesStatusFilter(
+  submission: { status: string },
+  statusFilter: StatusFilter
+): boolean {
+  if (statusFilter === 'all') return true;
+  
+  if (statusFilter === 'pending') {
+    return ['pending', 'partially_approved'].includes(submission.status);
+  }
+  
+  return statusFilter === submission.status;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Deep comparison of ModerationItem fields to detect actual changes
+ */
+export function hasItemChanged(
+  current: ModerationItem,
+  updated: ModerationItem
+): boolean {
+  // Check critical fields
+  if (
+    current.status !== updated.status ||
+    current.reviewed_at !== updated.reviewed_at ||
+    current.reviewer_notes !== updated.reviewer_notes ||
+    current.assigned_to !== updated.assigned_to ||
+    current.locked_until !== updated.locked_until ||
+    current.escalated !== updated.escalated
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  
+  // Check submission_items
+  if (current.submission_items?.length !== updated.submission_items?.length) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  
+  // Check content (one level deep for performance)
+  if (current.content && updated.content) {
+    // Compare content reference first
+    if (current.content !== updated.content) {
+      const currentKeys = Object.keys(current.content).sort();
+      const updatedKeys = Object.keys(updated.content).sort();
+      
+      // Different number of keys = changed
+      if (currentKeys.length !== updatedKeys.length) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      
+      // Different key names = changed
+      if (!currentKeys.every((key, i) => key === updatedKeys[i])) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      
+      // Check each key's value
+      for (const key of currentKeys) {
+        if (current.content[key] !== updated.content[key]) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extract only changed fields for minimal updates
+ */
+export function extractChangedFields(
+  current: ModerationItem,
+  updated: ModerationItem
+): Partial<ModerationItem> {
+  const changes: Partial<ModerationItem> = {};
+  
+  if (current.status !== updated.status) {
+    changes.status = updated.status;
+  }
+  
+  if (current.reviewed_at !== updated.reviewed_at) {
+    changes.reviewed_at = updated.reviewed_at;
+  }
+  
+  if (current.reviewer_notes !== updated.reviewer_notes) {
+    changes.reviewer_notes = updated.reviewer_notes;
+  }
+  
+  if (current.assigned_to !== updated.assigned_to) {
+    changes.assigned_to = updated.assigned_to;
+  }
+  
+  if (current.locked_until !== updated.locked_until) {
+    changes.locked_until = updated.locked_until;
+  }
+  
+  if (current.escalated !== updated.escalated) {
+    changes.escalated = updated.escalated;
+  }
+  
+  // Check content changes
+  if (current.content !== updated.content) {
+    changes.content = updated.content;
+  }
+  
+  // Check submission_items
+  if (updated.submission_items) {
+    changes.submission_items = updated.submission_items;
+  }
+  
+  return changes;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build a full ModerationItem from submission data
+ */
+export function buildModerationItem(
+  submission: any,
+  profile?: any,
+  entityName?: string,
+  parkName?: string
+): ModerationItem {
+  return {
+    id: submission.id,
+    type: 'content_submission',
+    content: submission.content,
+    created_at: submission.created_at,
+    user_id: submission.user_id,
+    status: submission.status,
+    submission_type: submission.submission_type,
+    user_profile: profile ? {
+      username: profile.username,
+      display_name: profile.display_name,
+      avatar_url: profile.avatar_url,
+    } : undefined,
+    entity_name: entityName || (submission.content as any)?.name || 'Unknown',
+    park_name: parkName,
+    reviewed_at: submission.reviewed_at || undefined,
+    reviewer_notes: submission.reviewer_notes || undefined,
+    escalated: submission.escalated || false,
+    assigned_to: submission.assigned_to || undefined,
+    locked_until: submission.locked_until || undefined,
+    submission_items: submission.submission_items || undefined,
+  };
+}