Refactor test utilities and enhance ASGI settings

- Cleaned up and standardized assertions in ApiTestMixin for API response validation.
- Updated ASGI settings to use os.environ for setting the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE.
- Removed unused imports and improved formatting in settings.py.
- Refactored URL patterns in urls.py for better readability and organization.
- Enhanced view functions in views.py for consistency and clarity.
- Added .flake8 configuration for linting and style enforcement.
- Introduced type stubs for django-environ to improve type checking with Pylance.

core/exceptions.py

@@ -8,34 +8,34 @@ from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
 
 class ThrillWikiException(Exception):
     """Base exception for all ThrillWiki-specific errors."""
-    
+
     default_message = "An error occurred"
     error_code = "THRILLWIKI_ERROR"
     status_code = 500
-    
+
     def __init__(
-        self, 
-        message: Optional[str] = None, 
+        self,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
         error_code: Optional[str] = None,
-        details: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+        details: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ):
         self.message = message or self.default_message
         self.error_code = error_code or self.error_code
         self.details = details or {}
         super().__init__(self.message)
-    
+
     def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Convert exception to dictionary for API responses."""
         return {
-            'error_code': self.error_code,
-            'message': self.message,
-            'details': self.details
+            "error_code": self.error_code,
+            "message": self.message,
+            "details": self.details,
         }
 
 
 class ValidationException(ThrillWikiException):
     """Raised when data validation fails."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Validation failed"
     error_code = "VALIDATION_ERROR"
     status_code = 400
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class ValidationException(ThrillWikiException):
 
 class NotFoundError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Raised when a requested resource is not found."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Resource not found"
     error_code = "NOT_FOUND"
     status_code = 404
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class NotFoundError(ThrillWikiException):
 
 class PermissionDeniedError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Raised when user lacks permission for an operation."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Permission denied"
     error_code = "PERMISSION_DENIED"
     status_code = 403
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class PermissionDeniedError(ThrillWikiException):
 
 class BusinessLogicError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Raised when business logic constraints are violated."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Business logic violation"
     error_code = "BUSINESS_LOGIC_ERROR"
     status_code = 400
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class BusinessLogicError(ThrillWikiException):
 
 class ExternalServiceError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Raised when external service calls fail."""
-    
+
     default_message = "External service error"
     error_code = "EXTERNAL_SERVICE_ERROR"
     status_code = 502
@@ -75,127 +75,138 @@ class ExternalServiceError(ThrillWikiException):
 
 # Domain-specific exceptions
 
+
 class ParkError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Base exception for park-related errors."""
+
     error_code = "PARK_ERROR"
 
 
 class ParkNotFoundError(NotFoundError):
     """Raised when a park is not found."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Park not found"
     error_code = "PARK_NOT_FOUND"
-    
+
     def __init__(self, park_slug: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         if park_slug:
-            kwargs['details'] = {'park_slug': park_slug}
-            kwargs['message'] = f"Park with slug '{park_slug}' not found"
+            kwargs["details"] = {"park_slug": park_slug}
+            kwargs["message"] = f"Park with slug '{park_slug}' not found"
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
 
 class ParkOperationError(BusinessLogicError):
     """Raised when park operation constraints are violated."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Invalid park operation"
     error_code = "PARK_OPERATION_ERROR"
 
 
 class RideError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Base exception for ride-related errors."""
+
     error_code = "RIDE_ERROR"
 
 
 class RideNotFoundError(NotFoundError):
     """Raised when a ride is not found."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Ride not found"
     error_code = "RIDE_NOT_FOUND"
-    
+
     def __init__(self, ride_slug: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         if ride_slug:
-            kwargs['details'] = {'ride_slug': ride_slug}
-            kwargs['message'] = f"Ride with slug '{ride_slug}' not found"
+            kwargs["details"] = {"ride_slug": ride_slug}
+            kwargs["message"] = f"Ride with slug '{ride_slug}' not found"
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
 
 class RideOperationError(BusinessLogicError):
     """Raised when ride operation constraints are violated."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Invalid ride operation"
     error_code = "RIDE_OPERATION_ERROR"
 
 
 class LocationError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Base exception for location-related errors."""
+
     error_code = "LOCATION_ERROR"
 
 
 class InvalidCoordinatesError(ValidationException):
     """Raised when geographic coordinates are invalid."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Invalid geographic coordinates"
     error_code = "INVALID_COORDINATES"
-    
-    def __init__(self, latitude: Optional[float] = None, longitude: Optional[float] = None, **kwargs):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        latitude: Optional[float] = None,
+        longitude: Optional[float] = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
         if latitude is not None or longitude is not None:
-            kwargs['details'] = {'latitude': latitude, 'longitude': longitude}
+            kwargs["details"] = {"latitude": latitude, "longitude": longitude}
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
 
 class GeolocationError(ExternalServiceError):
     """Raised when geolocation services fail."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Geolocation service unavailable"
     error_code = "GEOLOCATION_ERROR"
 
 
 class ReviewError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Base exception for review-related errors."""
+
     error_code = "REVIEW_ERROR"
 
 
 class ReviewModerationError(BusinessLogicError):
     """Raised when review moderation constraints are violated."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Review moderation error"
     error_code = "REVIEW_MODERATION_ERROR"
 
 
 class DuplicateReviewError(BusinessLogicError):
     """Raised when user tries to create duplicate reviews."""
-    
+
     default_message = "User has already reviewed this item"
     error_code = "DUPLICATE_REVIEW"
 
 
 class AccountError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Base exception for account-related errors."""
+
     error_code = "ACCOUNT_ERROR"
 
 
 class InsufficientPermissionsError(PermissionDeniedError):
     """Raised when user lacks required permissions."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Insufficient permissions"
     error_code = "INSUFFICIENT_PERMISSIONS"
-    
+
     def __init__(self, required_permission: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         if required_permission:
-            kwargs['details'] = {'required_permission': required_permission}
-            kwargs['message'] = f"Permission '{required_permission}' required"
+            kwargs["details"] = {"required_permission": required_permission}
+            kwargs["message"] = f"Permission '{required_permission}' required"
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
 
 class EmailError(ExternalServiceError):
     """Raised when email operations fail."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Email service error"
     error_code = "EMAIL_ERROR"
 
 
 class CacheError(ThrillWikiException):
     """Raised when cache operations fail."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Cache operation failed"
     error_code = "CACHE_ERROR"
     status_code = 500
@@ -203,11 +214,11 @@ class CacheError(ThrillWikiException):
 
 class RoadTripError(ExternalServiceError):
     """Raised when road trip planning fails."""
-    
+
     default_message = "Road trip planning error"
     error_code = "ROADTRIP_ERROR"
-    
+
     def __init__(self, service_name: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         if service_name:
-            kwargs['details'] = {'service': service_name}
+            kwargs["details"] = {"service": service_name}
         super().__init__(**kwargs)