Refactor test utilities and enhance ASGI settings

- Cleaned up and standardized assertions in ApiTestMixin for API response validation.
- Updated ASGI settings to use os.environ for setting the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE.
- Removed unused imports and improved formatting in settings.py.
- Refactored URL patterns in urls.py for better readability and organization.
- Enhanced view functions in views.py for consistency and clarity.
- Added .flake8 configuration for linting and style enforcement.
- Introduced type stubs for django-environ to improve type checking with Pylance.

parks/models/reviews.py

@@ -4,25 +4,22 @@ from django.core.validators import MinValueValidator, MaxValueValidator
 from core.history import TrackedModel
 import pghistory
 
+
 @pghistory.track()
 class ParkReview(TrackedModel):
-    
-    # Import managers  
+
+    # Import managers
     from ..managers import ParkReviewManager
-    
+
     objects = ParkReviewManager()
     """
     A review of a park.
     """
     park = models.ForeignKey(
-        'parks.Park',
-        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
-        related_name='reviews'
+        "parks.Park", on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="reviews"
     )
     user = models.ForeignKey(
-        'accounts.User',
-        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
-        related_name='park_reviews'
+        "accounts.User", on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="park_reviews"
     )
     rating = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
         validators=[MinValueValidator(1), MaxValueValidator(10)]
@@ -30,47 +27,53 @@ class ParkReview(TrackedModel):
     title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
     content = models.TextField()
     visit_date = models.DateField()
-    
+
     # Metadata
     created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
     updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
-    
+
     # Moderation
     is_published = models.BooleanField(default=True)
     moderation_notes = models.TextField(blank=True)
     moderated_by = models.ForeignKey(
-        'accounts.User',
+        "accounts.User",
         on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
         null=True,
         blank=True,
-        related_name='moderated_park_reviews'
+        related_name="moderated_park_reviews",
     )
     moderated_at = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
 
     class Meta:
-        ordering = ['-created_at']
-        unique_together = ['park', 'user']
+        ordering = ["-created_at"]
+        unique_together = ["park", "user"]
         constraints = [
-            # Business rule: Rating must be between 1 and 10 (database level enforcement)
+            # Business rule: Rating must be between 1 and 10 (database level
+            # enforcement)
             models.CheckConstraint(
                 name="park_review_rating_range",
                 check=models.Q(rating__gte=1) & models.Q(rating__lte=10),
-                violation_error_message="Rating must be between 1 and 10"
+                violation_error_message="Rating must be between 1 and 10",
             ),
             # Business rule: Visit date cannot be in the future
             models.CheckConstraint(
                 name="park_review_visit_date_not_future",
                 check=models.Q(visit_date__lte=functions.Now()),
-                violation_error_message="Visit date cannot be in the future"
+                violation_error_message="Visit date cannot be in the future",
             ),
             # Business rule: If moderated, must have moderator and timestamp
             models.CheckConstraint(
                 name="park_review_moderation_consistency",
-                check=models.Q(moderated_by__isnull=True, moderated_at__isnull=True) | 
-                      models.Q(moderated_by__isnull=False, moderated_at__isnull=False),
-                violation_error_message="Moderated reviews must have both moderator and moderation timestamp"
+                check=models.Q(moderated_by__isnull=True, moderated_at__isnull=True)
+                | models.Q(
+                    moderated_by__isnull=False, moderated_at__isnull=False
+                ),
+                violation_error_message=(
+                    "Moderated reviews must have both moderator and moderation "
+                    "timestamp"
+                ),
             ),
         ]
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return f"Review of {self.park.name} by {self.user.username}"
+        return f"Review of {self.park.name} by {self.user.username}"