feat: Implement MFA authentication, add ride statistics model, and update various services, APIs, and tests across the application.

backend/tests/test_utils.py

@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ Test utilities and helpers following Django styleguide patterns.
 Provides reusable testing patterns and assertion helpers.
 """
 
-from typing import Dict, Any, Optional, List
 from datetime import date, datetime
-from django.test import TestCase
+from typing import Any
+
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
-from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
+from django.test import TestCase
 from rest_framework import status
+from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
 
 User = get_user_model()
 
@@ -22,8 +23,8 @@ class ApiTestMixin:
         *,
         status_code: int = status.HTTP_200_OK,
         response_status: str = "success",
-        data_type: Optional[type] = None,
-        contains_fields: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        data_type: type | None = None,
+        contains_fields: list[str] | None = None,
     ):
         """
         Assert API response has correct structure and content.
@@ -68,8 +69,8 @@ class ApiTestMixin:
         response,
         *,
         status_code: int,
-        error_code: Optional[str] = None,
-        message_contains: Optional[str] = None,
+        error_code: str | None = None,
+        message_contains: str | None = None,
     ):
         """
         Assert API response is an error with specific characteristics.
@@ -94,9 +95,9 @@ class ApiTestMixin:
         self,
         response,
         *,
-        expected_count: Optional[int] = None,
-        has_next: Optional[bool] = None,
-        has_previous: Optional[bool] = None,
+        expected_count: int | None = None,
+        has_next: bool | None = None,
+        has_previous: bool | None = None,
     ):
         """
         Assert API response has correct pagination structure.
@@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ class ApiTestMixin:
 class ModelTestMixin:
     """Mixin providing common model testing utilities."""
 
-    def assertModelFields(self, instance, expected_fields: Dict[str, Any]):
+    def assertModelFields(self, instance, expected_fields: dict[str, Any]):
         """
         Assert model instance has expected field values.
 
@@ -155,8 +156,8 @@ class ModelTestMixin:
     def assertModelValidation(
         self,
         model_class,
-        invalid_data: Dict[str, Any],
-        expected_errors: List[str],
+        invalid_data: dict[str, Any],
+        expected_errors: list[str],
     ):
         """
         Assert model validation catches expected errors.
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ class ModelTestMixin:
         for expected_error in expected_errors:
             self.assertIn(expected_error, exception_str)
 
-    def assertDatabaseConstraint(self, model_factory, invalid_data: Dict[str, Any]):
+    def assertDatabaseConstraint(self, model_factory, invalid_data: dict[str, Any]):
         """
         Assert database constraint is enforced.
 
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ class GeographyTestMixin:
             point2: (latitude, longitude) tuple
             max_distance_km: Maximum allowed distance in kilometers
         """
-        from math import radians, cos, sin, asin, sqrt
+        from math import asin, cos, radians, sin, sqrt
 
         lat1, lon1 = point1
         lat2, lon2 = point2